The State Opening of Parliament by the King or Queen is one of the great ceremonial events of the parliamentary calendar.
The speech given by the monarch, although not written by them, sets out the programme of Bills their government will be putting forward in the session. It is often a wide range of Bills from the finance, to housing to climate change. It also details the state visits the monarch will be hosting.
Watch the first filmed in colour – 1960
The State Opening of Parliament marks the formal start of the parliamentary year and the Queen’s Speech sets out the government’s agenda for the coming session, outlining proposed policies and legislation. It is the only regular occasion when the three constituent parts of Parliament – the Sovereign, the House of Lords and the House of Commons – meet.
State Opening happens on the first day of a new parliamentary session or shortly after a general election. [amazon_link asins=’1471889661′ template=’ProductAd’ store=’britpoli-21′ marketplace=’UK’ link_id=’b36e6a4e-1c09-43bb-ad47-14f9b3ca2661′]
State Opening is the main ceremonial event of the parliamentary calendar, attracting large crowds and a significant television and online audience. It begins with the Queen’s procession from Buckingham Palace to Westminster, escorted by the Household Cavalry.
The Queen arrives at Sovereign’s Entrance and proceeds to the Robing Room. Wearing the Imperial State Crown and the Robe of State, she leads the Royal Procession through the Royal Gallery, packed with 600 guests, to the chamber of the House of Lords.
The House of Lords official known as ‘Black Rod’ is sent to summon the Commons. The doors to the Commons chamber are shut in his or her face: a practice dating back to the Civil War, symbolising the Commons’ independence from the monarchy.
Black Rod strikes the door three times before it is opened.
Members of the House of Commons then follow Black Rod and the Commons Speaker to the Lords chamber, standing at the opposite end to the Throne, known as the Bar of the House, to listen to the speech.
The Queen’s Speech is delivered by the Queen from the Throne in the House of Lords. Although the Queen reads the Speech, it is written by the government.
It contains an outline of its policies and proposed legislation for the new parliamentary session.
When the Queen leaves, a new parliamentary session starts and Parliament gets back to work. Members of both Houses debate the content of the speech and agree an ‘Address in Reply to Her Majesty’s Gracious Speech’.
Each House continues the debate over the planned legislative programme for several days, looking at different subject areas.
The Queen’s Speech is voted on by the Commons, but rarely in the Lords.
Traditions surrounding State Opening and the delivery of a speech by the monarch can be traced back as far as the 16th century.
The current ceremony dates from the opening of the rebuilt Palace of Westminster in 1852 after the fire of 1834.
Information provided by www.parliament.uk
